一次試験・分野	配　　点	私の得点	合格者平均点	全体平均点
語彙・熟語・文法	20	17	14	11
読解(空所補充)	8	6	5	4
読解(内容把握)	12	8	9	6
リスニング(会話文)	15	12	10	8
リスニング(一般文)	15	12	9	7
作文	5	1	4	3
合計(今回の合格点は44点)	65	56	51	39
二次試験・分野
リーディング	5	5
Q&A	25	18
アティチュード	3	3
合計	33	26

【2008年度第一回　　筆記試験問題　75分】

 

1.　最も適切なものを1~4から選びなさい。

(1)　A : I was hoping to take my mom to a nice restaurant on Mother’s Day. Can you (　　 ) a nice place?
B : Sure. I really like the seafood restaurant near the beach.
1 recommend　 2 criticize 　3 deserve 　4 amaze

• de・serve [dɪzˈɚːv] …の価値がある　The question deserves your attention. / その問題は注目に値する。　He deserves to be President. / 彼は大統領になるにふさわしい。

 

(2)　Although many people say they have seen ghosts, nobody has found any clear ( 　　) that they actually exist.
1 courage 　2 evidence 　3 sorrow 　4 punishment

 

(3)　Mike ( 　　) the prices of several different computers before he decided which one to buy.
1 disturbed 　　2 adjusted 　　3 attended 　　4 compared

 

(4)　Julie got angry because her brother was (　　 ) borrowing her things without asking. Almost every day he took something from her room.
1 constantly 　　2 greatly 　　3 mentally 　　4 strictry

• mén・tal・ly [méntəli]　精神的に　to be mentally exhausted / 気疲れする　to calculate mentally / 胸算用する

 

(5)　Carlos won the school science prize for a well-planned (　　 ) that tested the effect of electric light on flowers.
1 statement　　 2 experiment 　　3 replacement 　　4 entertainment

 

(6)　Last June, a group of climbers ( 　　) to climb Mt. Langley. Unfortunately, they were not able to reach the top because of bad weather.
1 reserved 　　2 guarded 　　3 attempted 　　4 balanced

 

(7)　Harry just got his first part-time job. He wants to save some of the money he earns, so he plans to open an (　　 ) at his local bank.
1 income 　　2 exhibit 　　3 industry　　 4 account

• 「some 名詞」は「特定されていない対象」「some of the 名詞」は「特定された対象のうちのいくつか」を示す。　I want some books.  / Some of the books are mine.

 

(8)　The politician’s replies to the reporters’ questions were so ( 　　) that many people were not sure what he ment.
1 vague 　　2 capable 　　3 faithful 　　4 stable

• ca・pa・ble [kéɪpəbl] 有能な　This truck is capable of carrying 10 tons of cargo.

 

(9)　A : Honey, I think we should both start exercizing more.
B : Dave, are you (　　 ) that I need to lose weight?
1 predicting 　　2 implying 　　3 rejecting 　　4 gesturing

• pre・dict [prɪdíkt] …を予言する　The scientists predicted that there would be an earthquake.
• im・ply [ɪmplάɪ] …を暗示する　Her smile implied her consent to our proposal.

 

(10)　The new mayor promised to improve ( 　　) in tne city by adding more bus and train services.
1 transportation 　　2 opposition 　　3 recognition 　　4 nutrition

• op・po・si・tion [ὰpəzíʃən] 反対　The forces met with strong opposition.
• rec・og・ni・tion [rèkəgníʃən] 認識　There’s (a) growing recognition that we should abolish capital punishment.

 

(11)　My uncle took me shopping last Friday for a present for my birthday. He told me to pick (　　 ) something at the department store.
1 over 　　2 on　　 3 out 　　4 at

 

(12)　(　　 ), I failed to visit the Taj Mahal when I was in India. Now I may never get to go there agsin.
1 To my regret　　 2 By no means　　 3 In the distance 　　4 At the moment

 

(13)　Carrie needed to go to the bathroom badly, but all of the airplane toilets were in (　　 ) . She had to wait until someone had finished.
1 vain　　 2 place 　　3 use 　　4 tears

• badly には「悪く，下手に (⇔well)」”He did very badly in school ” ( 彼は学校の成績が大変悪かった ) という意味の他に、「とても」という意味があり、これにはネガティブなニュアンスはない。He wants a new car badly.= He wants a new car very much.

 

(14)　Becoming a police officer isn’t easy. Everyone has to (　　 ) months of difficult training before they can join the police force.
1 stand by 　　2 go through 　　3 turn up 　　4 work in

• go through 苦難などを経験する, …に耐え抜く　 go through an operation
• He turned up an hour later.  彼は 1 時間後にひょっこり姿を現わした.
  work in silver  銀で細工をする

 

(15)　The builders started construction a week (　　 ) of schedule, so they completed the building early.
1 beneath 　　2 under　　 3 around 　　4 ahead

 

(16)　A : Jhon, how was the history test?
B : Oh, it was a piece of ( 　　) because the teacher only asked about topics we had studied in class.
1 pie 　　2 cookie 　　3 bread　　4 cake

 

(17)　A : Are you ready to go to lunch, Helen? I’m really hungry.
B : Can you (　　) a minute? I have to make a quick phone call first.
1 spread out　　 2 lie down 　　3 hang on 　　4 fold up

 

(18)　Bob (　　 ) his homework right after school today if his grandmother hadn’t stopped by for a visit. He had to wait until she left to start it.
1 began　　 2 had began 　　3 would have begun 　　4 will begin

 

(19)　Leslie only had two days to write her history report, but she worked hard and managed ( 　　) it done on time.
1 getting 　　2 get 　　3 to getting 　　4 to get

 

(20)　A boy returned Matianne’s lost dog. She gave him a reword ( 　　) finding it.
1 about　 　2 by 　　3 for 　　4 over

 

2.　完成した文章になるように1~4を並べ替え、2番目と4番目にくる番号を答えなさい。

💣(21)　The professor told her students that no one would fail the class (　　 ) throughout the semester. She said they should’t try to learn everything just before the final exam.
1 hard 　　2 long as 　　3 studied 　　4 they 　　5 so

• “so (as)  long as” は「～する限り、～するのであれば」という条件を表す。“so (as)  far as” は「～する限り」という範囲を表す。As far as I know, he does not own a car.　後ろの as は接続詞なので S + V が続く。
• se・mes・ter [səméstɚ]  2 学期制度の半学年　 9 月から 1 月までthe first [fall] semester, 2 月から 6 月までthe second [spring] semester

 

(22)　A : Roger, did you enjoy your friend’s dinner party last night?
B : Unfortunately, I had a stomachache all evening. I couldn’t even finish the salad, ( 　　　), so I left early.
1 not　　 2 mention　　 3 main course　　 4 the 　　5 to

• not to mention　…は言うまでもなく 　We can’t afford a car, not to mention the fact that we have no garage.

 

(23)　Susan makes sure that she eats well and exercises often. She believes that ( 　　) good health.
1 is　　 2 importsnt 　　3 nothing 　　4 more 　　5 than

• more than 構文にしないこと。

 

(24)　A : I’m not doing very well at volleyball, coach. Maybe I should quit the team.
B : Don’t give up so easily, Randy. (　　 ), I’m sure you’ll improve.
1 to　　 2 stick 　　3 you 　　4 if　　 5 it

• stick [stík] は名詞で「棒」、他動詞で「突き刺す」「貼り付ける」の意味があるが、自動詞では「はまり込む」「執着する→こつこつやる」の意で使うことができる。　to stick in the mire  / ぬかるみにはまり込む 　The gears have stuck. / ギヤが動かなくなった.　Can you stick to this job until it’s completed?  / あなたはこの仕事を最後までやり抜くことができますか.

 

(24)　A : I think there’s a something wrong with my computer. I can’t send e-mails to my clients. Could you try to fix it, Sally?
B : I’m a little busy now, but I’ll (　　 ) you later.
1 the 　　2 look　　 3 for 　　4 into 　　5 problem

• look into　…を調べる

 

Cleaning Up the Streets

As global warming continues to get worse, governments around the world are trying to reduce the greenhouse gases that are believed to becausing the warming. Carbon dioxide is a common greenhouse gas, and one (　 26　 ) of it is cars. However, not all cars produce the same amount of this gas. One way to fight global warming is to try to get people to change from large, inefficient cars that produse a great deal of carbon dioxide to smaller, more environmentally friendly cars that use less fuel to travel the same distance.

In May 2007, the London suburb of Richmond started to follow a new policy concerning parking fees. It hoped that the policy would make people switch to more fuel-efficient vehicles. Until then, residence of Richmond had all paid the same fee for permission to park their cars on the street in front of their houses. Now, under the new rules, owners of cars that use more fuel have to pay higher fee for this permission. Those with cars that use less, (　27　 ), are able to get a discount on the original fee.

One Richmond resident named Nigel Morris feels that owners of large cars should pay more than other owners. “The pollute the streets,” he says. But not all residents agree with the new policy. Sarah Adams complains that a small car is not practical for her family and pet. She feels that the new fees are (　28　 ) to people in similar situations. Most environmental groupes, though, support Richmond’s new policy. Emily Armistead of Greenpease sees Richmond’s new charges as a major victory in the war against high-fuel-consumption vehicles. She says that we cannot afford to keep polluting the earth by driving them. Since Richmond’s new parking charges came into effects, nine other areas of London have expressed support for the policy. And now, they have begun to consider ( 　29　 ) similar plans.

(26)　 1 effort　　 2 source 　　3 advantage　　4 purpose

(27) 　1 equally 　　2 in addition　　 3 by mistake 　　4 on the other hand

(28) 　1 unfair 　　2 flexible 　　3 convenient　　 4 invisible

(29)　 1 preventing 　　2 delaying 　　3 introducing 　　4 separating

 

 

Professional Patients

People who run businesses are always trying to improve the service they give customers. One type of company that can help them do this is now becoming popular all over the world. This type of company sends people called “secret shoppers” to visit stores and restaurants and pretend to be ordinary customers. In reality, however, the secret shoppers are there to check on the quality of the service being offered. Later the “shoppers” write a report to help the business ( 　30　 ) areas that need to be improved. Now, a similar type of company is employing “secret patients” to do the same thing for clinics.

As the name suggests, secret patients visit a doctor or dentist’s clinic – perhaps for a checkup or pretending to be sick – and then provide (　 31 　) on their experience there. Research suggests that about two-thirds of patients’ complaints concering medical clinics are related to poor customer servise rather than to the actual medical treatment provided.  With this in mind, secret patients ( 　32　 ) everything from the behavior of the doctors and the nursing staff to how clean the waiting room is. One problem with using secret patients is that some staff members might feel as if someone is spying on them. To avoid this, clinics often tell their staff in advance that a secret patient will be visiting, but they usually do not reveal the exact day of the visit.

Clinics that have used this service have been positive about the results. Judi Manfredi, the president of a San Francisco-based company called Examine Your Practice, points out that doctors want their patients to keep coming back. By improving things, they can make patients’ visits more pleasant and so (　 33 　) them to return in the future. According to Manfredi, this is much cheaper than advertising a clinic in the media. Some clinics have also begun to reward staff members who receive praise from secret patients. In this way, secret patients can help both visitors and the staff at clinics.

(30) 　1 identify 　　2 increase 　　3 publish 　　4 purchase
(31) 　1 leadership 　　2 feedback　　 3 influence 　　4 security
(32) 　1 observe 　　2 prepare　　 3 imagine 　　4 remove
(33) 　1 command 　　2 select　　3 judge　　 4 encourage

 

Dear Ms.Brenner

Dear Ms. Brenner,
I have made the arrangements for your visit to my company, Interlink Services, next week. My co-workers and I are excited about having the chance to meet tha auther of The Secrets of Successful Marketing in person. You said in your e-mail that your presentation would be based on the marketing issues you wrote about in your book. I think that is an excellent idea.

I put your plane tickets in the mail yesterday, so they should arrive soon. You will be taking southeastern Airways Flight 258, departing from Atlanta at 9:30 a.m. on June 18 and arriving in Boston at 12:10 p.m. I will meet you at the airport and take you to your hotel, I have booked a room for you at the Majestic Hotel, which is not far from our office.

We will use a conference room in our office building for the presentation, it holds about 50 people. We will set up a whiteboard for you to use, but please let us know if you will need any other equipment, such as a computer or a projector. Also, are you available after the presentation? If so, perhaps you would like to join me and the president of Interlink Services for dinner.

Sincerely yours,

(34)　What will Ms. Brenner do in Boston.

1.　Meet a famous auther in person.

2.　Discuss her ideas for a new book.

3.　Give a presentation on marketing.

4.　Make arrangements for a trip.

 

(35)　What does Tom North say he will do on June 18?

1. 　Fly to Boston from Atlanta.

2.　 Put some flight tickets in the mail.

3.　Book a room at the Majestic Hotel.

4.　Pick Ms. Brenner up from the airport.

 

(36)　Tom North asks Ms. Brenner if she

1.　will bring a whiteboard with her.

2.　is free for a meal in the evening.

3.　wants to use a larger cnference room.

4.　has met the president of Interlink Services.

• 時制に注意して選択すること。

 

Make Yourself Comfortable

Parents often tell their children to sit with their backs straight because they believe it is better for the backbone. Until recentry, however, scientists had not been able to test the truth of this idea. This was because the scanners used by doctors to look at the backbone only worked when patients were lying down. Now, a new machine has been developed that can scan the bones of a person in a sitting position. A team of scientists in Aberdeen, Scotland, has used the new machine to test various theories about sitting and has come up with some surprising results.

The reseach team studied 22 healty volunteers who had no problems with their backs. The new machine was used to scan the volunteers while they were sitting in a variety of positions. It was found that sitting with the back at a 90-degree angle actually puts a lot of stress on the lower part of the backbone. Leaning forward over a desk or computer is even more harmful. Surprisingly, the healthiest position was found to be leaning backward at an angle of 135 degrees, with the feet flat on the floor.

Dr. Waseem Bashir, the leader of the research team, believes that these results are important because back pain is such a common problem. According to reserch carried out in the United States, 80 percent of people suffer from back pain at sometime in their lives. Morever, it is one of the most common reasons for people to visit a doctor. Dr. Bashir believes that companies should provide employees with chairs that allow them to avoid damaging their backs. If they do this, he says, they will be able to significantly reduse the number of days that people miss work becouse of back pain.

Dr. Bashir points out that people need to be practical as well. There are many tasks, such as using a computer, that are difficult to do if one is leaning back ward. Also, it is important to move around and change position from time to time. Above all, he says, people should avoid spending a long time leaning over computers or video games. Parents will certainly agree with this piece of advice.

(37)　Recently, scientists have
1.　been testing a special kind of chair made for children.
2.　been trying to develop machines that can repair damaged bones.
3.　found a way to scan the backbones of patients who are not lying down.
4.　discovered that scanners can damage people’s backs if used incorrectly.

(38)　What is one discovery the researchers made?
1.　 The most common sitting position is at a 90-degree angle.
2 .　Sitting up straight in a chair can be harmful to the backbone.
3 .　The key to sitting comfortably is to put one’s feet on a chair.
4 .　People tend to sit in a variety of positions during the day.

(39)　What is one thing Dr. Waseem Bashir believes?
1.　People should take more time off from work to avoid getting back pain.
2.　His reseach may result in a cure for 80 percent of people with back pain.
3.　Companies should use chairs with an appropriate design for their employees.

• ap・pro・pri・ate [əpróʊprièɪt]  適切な 　appropriate words 適切な言葉.

4.　More research is needed to find the healthiest way of sitting when at work.

(40)　Which of the following statements about Dr. Bashir is true?
1.　He understands that it is not always possible for people to sit back at an angel of 135 degrees.
2.　He says that it is not practical for parents to tell their children to stop playing video games.
3.　He thinks that a major cause of back pain is changing sitting positions too often.
4.　He found that the best treatment for back pain is different for every individual.

 

A SMART Idea

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, is a ripidly growing city built at the point where the Klang River and the Ampang River meat. The city is known for its traffic jam, as well as for the sudden floods that can cover the streets with water during heavy rainstorms. During the morning and evening rush hours, there are often traffic jams several kilometers long, and when heavy rains flood the roads, driving becomes extremely dangerous and traffic problems get worse. In the past, it was too costly to construct effective defenses against floods, but now engineers believe  they have found a way to stop floods and reduce traffic jams in Kuala Lumpur at  the same time.

These engineers have designed a three-level tunnel known as the Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART). In this tunnel, the upper and middle levels function as highways for traffic to flow smoothly, providing cars with direct access to the city center. When necessary, the bottom level of the tunnel carries rainwater to a storage lake.

The  SMART tunnel has three defferent modes of operation. In the normal mode, when there is little rainfall, it is used only for traffic. In the second mode, during moderate storms, the bottom level carries away rainwater while the upper two levels remain open for traffic. During the severe storms that hit Kuala Lumpur two or three times a year and flood the area with an enormous amount of water, the tunnel goes into the third mode. In this mode, the tunnel is closed to traffic entirely. Special gates are then opened so that water can fill the whole tunnel and flow away quickly.

• se・vere [səvíɚ] 厳しい　severe heat 酷暑
• e・nor・mous [ɪnˈɔɚməs] 巨大な　enormous wealth 巨万の富

The tunnel has been carefully designed to be as safe as possible. When it goes into the third mode, monitoring stations make sure that every vehicle has left before the gates are opened to the floodwaters. The tunnel carries these floodwaters away so efficiently that vehicles are allowed to enter the tunnel again within 48 hours, bringing traffic back to normal. The Malaysian government is confident that this new tunnel will be able to serve both of the functions for which it was designed.

(41)　In Kuala Lumpur

1.　engineers are building flood walls that are several kilometers long.

2.　bad weather often makes the construction of new roads impossible.

3.　the heaviest rainstorms are usually duaring the morning.

4.　floods sometiems cause traffic jams to get worse.

 

(42)　The Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel provides a way for

1.　water to pass directly to the city center for use in homes.

2.　traffic to reach a lake without crowding the highways.

3.　rainwater to flow away safety below traffic lanes.

4.　engineers to change the direction of traffic when there are problems.

 

(43)　What is one thing that happens when the SMART tunnel is in its second mode?

1.　Special gates open to allow traffic into the bottom level.

2.　Water flows into the upper level from the storage lake.

3.　Moderate storms force people to use the tunnel.

4.　The tunnel is used both for rainwater and traffic.

 

(44)　Floodwater can enter the tunnel’s three lavels when

1.　all the traffic inside has been cleared out.

2.　the storm has continued for more than 48 hours.

3.　monitoring stations have made sure the water leval is not too high.

4.　its designers have checked to see if the gates are working efficiently.

 

(45)　Which of the following statements is true?

1.　The gates are closed to stop too much traffic from entering the tunnel.

2.　The entire tunnel will be used for floodwater only a few times a year.

3.　The routes of two rivers in Kuala Lumpur were changed by engineers.

4.　The Malaysian gorvernment hopes to build a second SMART tunnel in Kuala Lumpur.

 

【解　　　答】

(1)-1　(2)-2　(3)-4　(4)-1　(5)-2　(6)-3　(7)-4　(8)-1　(9)-2　(10)-1　(11)-3　(12)-1　(13)-3　(14)-2　(15)-4　(16)-4　(17)-3　(18)-3　(19)-4　(20)-3　(21)-2,3　(22)-5,4　(23)-1,2　(24)–3,1　(25)-4,5　(26)-2　(27)-4　(28)-1　(29)-3　(30)-1　(31)-2　(32)-1　(33)-4　(34)-3　(35)-4　(36)-2　(37)-3　(38)-2　(39)-3　(40)-1　(41)-4　(42)-3　(43)-4　(44)-1　(45)-2