日常起こるさまざまなトラブルや課題。本日の授業では、問題点をどのように説明して解決策を提案するか、その表現を学びました。

日常会話のみならず、社会情勢に関して持論を展開するときや、英検のライティング対策にも、応用範囲が広そうです。

 

1. What is wrong with it? Describing a Problem

① 形容詞 ajectiveで表現する。

• This knife is blunt [blˈʌnt]. なまくらの
• This room is dusty [dˈʌsti].

② 過去分詞 past participleで表現する

• 例外的に leak には現在分詞を用いる。

③ 名詞 noun で表現する

• There is～ / It has ～ / They have～ を用いる。

 

• ② It’s stained
• ③ There is a stain on the tablecloth.
• ③ The tablecloth has a stain on it.

 

• ② This water pitcher is leaking.
• ③ There is a leak in the water pitcher
• ③ The water pitcher has a leak.

 

• ② The bureau [bjˈʊ(ə)roʊ / (鏡付きの)寝室用たんす、官省の局] is scratched, too.
• ③ There is a scratch on the bureau.
• ③ The bureau has a scratch on it.

 

• ② The one he’s wearing is torn [tˈɔɚn] (tear [téɚ] /  tore[tˈɔɚ] …を引き裂く, 裂ける).
• ③ There are tears in the shirt.
• ③ The shirt has tears.

 

• ② It’s chipped.
• ③ There is a chip on the edge.
• ③ The cup has a chip.

 

• ② It’s damaged.
• ③ There is some damage on the ceiling.(damageは不可算名詞であり、複数形はありません。「damages」は「損害賠償（金）」という意味の別の名詞です。なお、some, any は可算・不加算の両方の名詞に使えます)
• ③ The ceiling has damage.

 

④ It doesn’t work と表現する。

 

⑤ keep ～ing で「いつも～する」と表現する。

• This oven keeps burning everything I try to cook.
• The photocopier keeps jamming.
• The computer keeps freezing.
• The internet keeps disconnecting.
• My laptop keeps overheating.

 

2. What is the action?

解決策の提案には、need + to be PP / + ～ing を使います。 (Using gerunds or passive infinitives following NEED )

• The temperature needs to be adjusted. / adjusting.
• The room needs to be changed. / changing.
• The walls need to be painted. / painting.
• The rug needs to be cleaned. / cleaning.
• The windows need to be washed. / washing.
• The clothes need to be picked up. / picking up. 途中で受け取る
•  The lump shade needs to be replaced. / replacing.
• The wastebasket needs to be emptied. / emptying.
• The ceiling fan needs to be adjusted / adjusting.
• The plant to be watered / watering.
• She needs to be talked. / talking.